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Defluorination of Drinking Water

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Defluorination of Drinking Water


Dr. Atul Kumar Sharma | Dr. Harsukh Ram Chharang



Dr. Atul Kumar Sharma | Dr. Harsukh Ram Chharang "Defluorination of Drinking Water" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5, August 2021, pp.2224-2229, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd46324.pdf

It is generally accepted that a low level of fluorine in mains water (0.4 to 1 mg • L–1 depending on the climate of the country concerned) promotes the formation of tooth enamel and protects teeth from decay. On the other hand, too much fluorine will destroy this enamel and cause a range of endemic type disorders that are generally called “fluoroses”: malformed teeth, staining of the enamel, decalcification, tendon mineralisation, digestive and nervous disorders, etc. These problems can appear in individuals for widely variable quantities of the product. Water must be discharged or treated as soon as it contains more than 1 to 1.5 mg • L–1 of F–. Some natural waters contain more than 10 mg • L–1 of fluorine. This concentration has to be reduced to approximately 1 mg • L–1 (the acceptable concentration falling as the average annual temperature rises); the European standard has set 1.5 mg • L–1. Many studies have been carried out to address the issue however little success has been reported up to date. Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) which readily undergo anion exchange reactions have been used as a suitable candidate for defluorination. Also there is regeneration of the material after removal of fluoride ions without releasing flouride ions back in to the water cycle. F- elimination using a nanofiltration (NF) operation will solve problems for-large-scale pilot plants in the future.Many defluorination projects have significant effectiveness on the prevention of endemic fluorosis. The concentrations of water fluoride were below 1 mg/L. Advanced on-site methods, such as under sink reserve osmosis units, can remove fluoride but are too expensive for developing areas. Calcium carbonate as a cost effective sorbent for an onsite defluorination drinking water system. Batch and column experiments have been performed to characterize F- removal properties. The present review discusses various techniques of defluorination of water.

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IJTSRD46324
Volume-5 | Issue-5, August 2021
2224-2229
IJTSRD | www.ijtsrd.com | E-ISSN 2456-6470
Copyright © 2019 by author(s) and International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Journal. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0)

International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development - IJTSRD having online ISSN 2456-6470. IJTSRD is a leading Open Access, Peer-Reviewed International Journal which provides rapid publication of your research articles and aims to promote the theory and practice along with knowledge sharing between researchers, developers, engineers, students, and practitioners working in and around the world in many areas like Sciences, Technology, Innovation, Engineering, Agriculture, Management and many more and it is recommended by all Universities, review articles and short communications in all subjects. IJTSRD running an International Journal who are proving quality publication of peer reviewed and refereed international journals from diverse fields that emphasizes new research, development and their applications. IJTSRD provides an online access to exchange your research work, technical notes & surveying results among professionals throughout the world in e-journals. IJTSRD is a fastest growing and dynamic professional organization. The aim of this organization is to provide access not only to world class research resources, but through its professionals aim to bring in a significant transformation in the real of open access journals and online publishing.

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